Occupational exposure to hydrogen sulphide in the oil industry

Abstract

Introduction: The study analysed hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) exposure in the hydrocarbon industry of the San Jorge Gulf Basin, one of the most relevant regions for oil and gas production in Argentina. This area, located between Chubut and Santa Cruz, presented demanding working conditions and high risks, especially due to the presence of toxic gases. The research sought to assess the level of exposure to H₂S and propose actions to protect the health of operational personnel.
Development: Different work activities were identified, such as welding, maintenance, civil works and field operations, where personnel were in direct contact with possible H₂S emissions. Companies such as YPF, PAE and CAPSA implemented safety measures such as the use of gas detectors, personal protective equipment (PPE) and work permits. However, a lack of documented and specific procedures was detected, which increased operational risk. Through field measurements, regulatory analysis and recognition of critical tasks, it was observed that workers operated in hostile environments and with constant exposure to gas, especially in confined spaces, hot work and supervisory tasks.
Conclusions: The research made it possible to determine the degree of occupational exposure to H₂S, highlighting the need to strengthen documentation, improve environmental controls and implement more rigorous prevention policies. It also proposed concrete actions to mitigate risks, contributing to a safer, more responsible industry aligned with current health and safety regulations.